Applications of Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) in Drinking Water Treatment by Antonio Gil & Luis Alejandro Galeano & Miguel Ángel Vicente

Author:Antonio Gil & Luis Alejandro Galeano & Miguel Ángel Vicente
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9783319768823
Publisher: Springer International Publishing

2.2.2 Fluidized-Bed Reactor

Fluidized-bed reactor (FBR) operation comprises a fluid phase (liquid or gas) and a solid phase with small particle size. In this reactor’s configuration, the fluid passes through the catalyst bed and promotes the continuous suspension of the solid particles. This type of reactor involves a multiphase flow system, namely, two-phase (solid-gas or solid-liquid) or three-phase (solid-liquid-gas), with the inherent heat exchange and mass transfer [51]. When small particles are suspended in an upward-flowing stream of fluid, the solid presents a behavior similar to a fluid, thus improving the catalytic kinetics and performance of the system. Moreover, problems related with pressure drop are avoided in the FBR, while also improving heat and mass transfer.

The fluidization of the catalyst is achieved by the high velocity at which the fluid passes through the catalytic bed. The fluid velocity must be sufficient to suspend the particles but not too high to carry the catalyst out of the reactor. Depending on the fluid velocity and solid distribution in the FBR, three different stages may occur (see Fig. 6) [52]:1.Fixed bed: at this stage the bed behaves similar to a packed-bed, where the fluid flow rate is low and the catalyst is compacted;

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